水稻冠层叶面积和比叶重的基因型×环境互作效应分析

Analysis of genotype×environment interaction effects on canopy leaf areas and specific leaf weight in rice

采用包括基因型×环境互作效应的加性—显性—加性×加性上位性遗传模型，分析了水稻剑叶面积（ＦＬＡ）、倒二叶面积（２ＬＡ）、倒三叶面积（３ＬＡ）和比叶重（ＳＬＷ）的２ ａ 资料．结果表明，这４个性状的遗传主要受显性效应及其与环境互作效应的控制，加性×加性上位性效应对其表现有一定影响．加性效应对ＳＬＷ 也有重要作用．加性与环境互作效应对２ＬＡ 和３ＬＡ 以及加性×加性上位性与环境互作效应对ＦＬＡ 和ＳＬＷ 的影响较小．遗传率分析表明各性状的普通狭义遗传率依次为ＳＬＷ＞ ＦＬＡ＞ ３ＬＡ＞ ２ＬＡ．遗传效应预测值结果表明，ＩＲ６６１５８－３７和ＩＲ６５６００－８５具有使杂交后代增加ＳＬＷ 的遗传效应，明恢６３在改良冠层叶面积中受环境的影响程度较小，认为这３个品种是超高产新株型育种的优良亲本材料．

Analyses of genetic effects on flag leaf area (FLA)、2nd leaf area (2LA)、 3rd leaf area (3LA) from the top and specific leaf weight (SLW) in rice (Oryza sativa L.) were conducted on two year experiment data by using genetic models including genetic and genotype×environment(GE) interaction for additive dominant additive×additive epistasis. The results indicated that genetic expressions of FLA、2LA、3LA and SLW were mainly controlled by dominant and environment interaction effects, but it also was influenced to some extent by additive×additive epistasis effects. Additive effect was found to have an important role on SLW. Additive and environment interaction effects slightly influenced on 2LA and 3LA. It was also true in the case of additive×additive epistasis and environment interaction effects on FLA and SLW. Heritabilities analysis showed different general narrow sense heritabilities in the order of SLW>FLA>3LA>2LA. Predicted genetic effects indicated that IR66158 37 and IR65600 85 contributed to the increased SLW in their progenies. Minhui 63 was slightly affected by environment in the improvment of canopy leaf areas. It therefore suggested that these three varieties were considered elite parental materials for the new plant type rice breeding for increasing potential yield.