中国共产党农民思想及政策述论

On the Thoughts and Policies of the Communist Party of China Concerning Farmers

中国共产党的农民思想和农民政策,为革命、建设和改革开放三个历史时期中心任务的完成发挥了无以替代的历史作用。在新民主主义革命时期,中共通过不断地探索和完善土改政策和路线,极大地动员了广大农民参加反帝反封建的民主革命;在社会主义建设时期,以农业集体化和户籍制度为制度依托,通过实施数十年的对农副产品的统购统销,基本完成了为工业化积累资金的历史任务;在改革开放初期,先是实行以家庭联产承包责任制为核心的一系列措施,极大地解放了农业生产力,至世纪之交,又连续推出取消农业税、补贴农业生产,以及为广大农民提供基本社会保障的"新农合"和"新农保"等反哺农业的惠农政策,成为践行以人为本的科学发展观和建设小康社会的重大举措。

The thought and policies of the Communist Party of China conceming the farmers have played an indispensable histprical part in fulflling the central tasks during the three histprocal peripds of the Chinese revolution,socialist construction and refom and opening.In the pedod of new democratic revolion,CPC mobilized farmers to take part in the democratic revolution against imperialism and feudalism by continuously exploring and perfecting its land reform policy and route.In the period of socialst constlmction,CPC relied on agricultural collectivization and the househol registration system to achieve the historical mission of accumulating sufficient capital for industrialization through scores of state monopoly purchase and sale of agricultural and subsidiary products.In the early part of the period refom and open-up,CPC first implemented aseties of measures such as the household contract responsibility system to greatly emancipate agricultural productvity.Then,at the turn of the centuries,CPC made many preferential aghchltlural policies to support agriculture.Among these policies are abolition ofagricultural tax,subsidies to agricultural production,and the ＂NCMS＂and＂new farmer＇sinsurance＂to provide basic social security for farmers.All these are important measures that followw the people-oriented scientific concept of development to construct well-ott society.