塔里木河流域生态环境演变概念模型

Conceptual Models of Ecological Environment Evolution in Tarim River Basin

塔里木河流域绿洲———荒漠交错带是生态环境变化的敏感区域，也是我国生物多样性保护及全球变化研究的关键区域之一。受自然因素及人为因素的影响，水资源的时空分布发生了明显变化，导致了河湖水质咸化、土壤盐渍化、草场退化以及土地沙漠化的普遍发生。同时，风沙灾害、洪水灾害和干旱等自然灾害严重地影响着流域社会经济的全面发展。以此为基础，构建塔里木河流域生态环境演变概念模型，并在ＧＩＳ等技术支持下，探索塔里木河流域生态环境可持续发展的理论模式。

The ecotone between oasis and desert is a sensitive area of ecological environment changes in Tarim River Basin,which is also one of the key areas for biodiversity protection and global change researches.Affected by natural and artificial factors,the time space distribution features of water resources change obviously.As a result,some problems occurred,such as,saline content increasing in river and lake,soil salinization,grassland degradation and sandy desertification,and so on.Meanwhile,wind sand disaster,flooding and drought and other hazards restrict the development of society and economy in Tarim River Basin.Based on the conditions mentioned above,this paper builds up conceptual models of ecological environment evolotion,moreover,and with the support of GIS and related technologies,probes the theoretic models of sustainable ecological development patterns.