南疆沙壤土地面灌溉高产棉田施肥灌水数学模型研究

Study on the Mathematical Model of High-yield Cotton for Fertilizer and Irrigation Using Surface Irrigation in Sandy Loam of Southern Xinjiang

在南疆沙壤土棉田,设置了3个处理因子(施氮、施磷和灌水),每个因子依施用量设4个水平,开展了水肥耦合效应对棉花产量影响的田间试验研究。试验结果表明,棉花产量对氮肥、磷肥、水的依赖程度顺序是:氮肥>磷肥>水,并建立了地面灌溉条件下高产棉田水肥施用的多元回归数学施肥模型:y=-677.8075+0.5889 xN+11.1649 xP+1.0266 xW-0.0098 x2N-0.0421 x2P-0.0001 x2W+0.0130 x2NP+0.0012 x2NW-0.0002 x2PW(r=0.9825*),方差分析达到显著水平(P=0.0138<P0.05)。经过回归曲面分析,当纯氮量、纯磷量和灌水量分别为545.50 kg.hm-2,199.72 kg.hm-2,6429.37 m3.hm-2,能够获得最佳皮棉产量3897.88 kg.hm-2。

Three processing factors＇ experiment（nitrogen,phosphorus and irrigation） were set in sandy loam of Southern Xinjiang,and there were four levels in each factor.It carried out the coupling research of water and fertilizer effects on cotton field.Through the analysis,the dependence degree of cotton yield on the nitrogen,phosphate,and water was： nitrogen〉 phosphate〉 water.Fields fertilizer and irrigation applied mathematical model of the multiple regression for the high-yield cotton was established under the condition of surface irrigation,and it was as follows： y=-677.8075＋0.5889 xN ＋11.1649 xP ＋1.0266 xW-0.0098 x^2N-0.0421 x^2P-0.0001 x^2W ＋0.0130 x^2NP ＋0.0012 x^2NW-0.0002 x^2PW（r=0.9825＊）.The analysis of variance was significant（P= 0.0138P〈0.05）.It could obtain the best lint yield 3897.88 kg·hm^-2from regression model analysis while the pure nitrogen,phosphorus and irrigation amount were 545.50 kg·hm^-2199.72 kg·hm^-26429.37 m^3·hm^-2respectively.