日长和温度对雄性核不育小麦C49S育性转换的影响

EFFECTS OF PHOTOPERIOD ON FERTILITY TRANSFORMATION IN THERMO-PHOTO-SENSITIVE MALE STERILE WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.)

人工气候箱控制试验表明，温敏型细胞核雄性不育小麦C49S的育性转换除主要受控于孕穗、抽穗期的温度外，孕稳、抽穗期的日长对育性转换有一定影响，C49S在低温短日照不育，温暖长日照可育。长日照提高结实率，短日照降低结实率。在不育低温下，15h长日照处理可使C49S育性部分恢复，在可育高温下，8h短日照处理可显著降低育性。

The thermo-pnoto-sensitive male sterile wheat (Triticum aestivum)line C49S was grown under controlled conditions in a growth chamber.Photoperiod at booting and heading stages of the plant was shown to have significant effect on its fertility transformation,although temperature during these stages was the main factor determining fertility transformation for this genotype.C49S was sterile at low temperature combined with short day-length and fertile at higher temperature combined with long daylength, Long day-length tended to raise fruiting rate in C49S while short day-length tended to reduce its fruiting rate. At low sterile temperathe,the long day-length (15h.) treatment resulted in partial restoration of its fertility while at high fertile temperature,the short day-length (8h.) treatment significanily reduced its fertility.