流动人口婚姻家庭的现实把握:粤省个案

Realistic Assurance of Marriage and Family of Floating Population: Case of Guangdong Province

改革开放以来,人口流动的规模越来越大,范围越来越广,大量流动人口的婚姻家庭状况随之改变,婚姻家庭权利保障问题日渐突出。对东莞外来流动人口的实证调查发现:流动人口的择偶途径多样化,但没有在实质上扩展择偶对象的范围;结婚动机以爱情为主,但具有复杂性;结婚的形式要件落实较好,但部分人还存在认识误区;家庭模式复杂多样,但也具有一些共同特征;夫妻感情沟通方式较为单一;家庭暴力存在但不普遍;留守妇女儿童权益保护亟待引起重视;父母赡养、子女抚养的实现困难较大;夫妻财产地位较为平等;流动人口对婚姻家庭法律的认知度不高;流动人口的婚姻家庭满意度较高,但难以与流入地社会相互认同和融合。

Since the reform and opening up, migration has been more and more frequent and widespread. The situation of marriage and family of enormous floating population has been changed, and problems of fights protection have appeared. A survey of floating population in Dongguan shows that： migrants have various means for courtship, but choices are still limit- ed in counterparts; most migrants married because of love, but the motives for marriage are not simple; the requirement of marriage registration is widely recognized except a few people have some misunderstanding; some common points could be found from diversified family patterns of floating population; communication is lacking between partners; domestic vio- lence exists though not frequently seen; rights of women and children stayed in native place are in critical situation; parental support and childrearing face some practical difficulties; status between husband and wife is relatively equal; floating popu- lation are not aware of laws relating to marriage and family; most migrants are satisfied with their marriage and family but feel hard to identified with the local society.