老年人健康权直接保障义务之让渡——从政府导向型向市场导向型转变

Transferring the Direct Obligations of Safeguarding Old People's Health Right——the Changing from Government-oriented to Market-oriented

健康权乃基本人权之一①,应得到充分尊重并保障实现。老年人为社会弱势群体,其健康权的保障更应受国家及社会的重视。一般认为,国家是保障公民基本权利实现的义务主体,但养老服务机制下由国家直接保障老年人健康权的实现有其缺陷。在公共服务社会化趋势的背景下,政府将该直接义务让渡于市场服务行业,亦即使健康权的保障由单一的政府导向型转向多元化的市场导向型,对老年人健康权的保障具有灵活、专业、高效等优势。基本医疗制度下通过竞选资质优厚的医疗卫生服务机构来保障老年人健康权,当属充分保障人权的有效举措之一。

Health fight is one of the basic human rights, it should be fully respected and safeguarded to realize. Government and social associations should pay special attention to health right of the elderly, who are vulnerable groups in society. Generally speaking, it is the government＇s obligation to ensure the fundamental fights of citizens to be achieved, however, there are some deficiencies in safeguarding old people＇s health fight directly by the government. With the tendency of socialization of public services, transferring？, the direct obligations of safeguarding old people＇s health right to social medical service agencies （safeguarding health right from single government- oriented to diverse market- oriented） is filled with flexible, professional, efficient and other advantages in ensuring old people＇s health right. It is one of the efficient measures to fully protect old people＇s health fight by selecting excellent and qualified medical institutions of elderly- care service in the basic medical care system.