野生欧洲李雌雄蕊形态发育过程研究

Study on Gynoecium and Androecium Morphology and Developing Process of Wild European Plum(Prunus domestica L.)

以新疆伊犁地区新源、巩留两地野生欧洲李为试验材料,通过花芽石蜡切片对其雌雄蕊形态发育过程进行研究。结果表明:野生欧洲李在雌蕊原基和雄蕊原基的基础上完成性器官的分化,形成雌雄蕊。野生欧洲李柱头为湿柱头,具有乳突状突起。花柱实心型,由表皮、薄壁组织、花柱通道组成。子房1室,随着子房室变大,子房壁逐渐增厚,胚珠原基细胞不断分裂,发育出珠心、珠柄、珠被、珠孔、合点等。横生胚珠,双珠被,边缘胎座。花药有4个花粉囊,分成左右两半,中间由药隔相连。该分化过程从3月初持续至4月中下旬,雌雄蕊完成分化后进入花期。

The paraffin section of flower bud was observed to study the gynoecium and androecium developing process of wild European plum. The results show that： The differentiation and development of gynoecium and androecium are based on the primordium of stamen and pistil. The chapiter is wet with the papillary protuberances. The style is solid and composed of epidermis, parenchyma and stylar canal. The ovary has only one lochle. The stigma primordial cell splits continually and develops into nucellus, funieulus, integuments, micropyle and chalaza. The wild European plum has campylotropous, bitegmy and marginal placentation. The anther has four pollen sacs and one connective. This process goes on from the beginning of March to the middle of April. After that wild European plum enters the blooming period.