关于公共利益四种界说的思考辨析

On the Four Definitions of Public Interests: An Analysis

"公共利益"在当代中国是一个经常被误用、滥用的概念,对法哲学上现存的四种界说——"私人利益总和说"、"国家利益说"、"社会利益说"、"目的价值说"的思考辨析表明,单纯研究公共利益的概念,本身就是一个思维的误区,应当实现从"概念导向"到"操作机制"的重大转移:从单一判断标准,转向多重组合标准;从聚焦公共利益的概念,转向重视公共利益的判断主体;从聚焦公共利益的判断,转向重视公共利益代表机制和保护机制的建设。

In modern China,＂public interest＂ is a concept often misused and abused.There are 4 different theories about its definition in the Philosophy of Law-＂the sum of private interests＂,＂the National Interest＂,＂the social interest＂ and ＂purpose value ＂.Reflection by differentiating and analyzing these theories shows that merely studying the concept of public interests is a misunderstanding of thinking itself.A major shift ought to be enforced from ＂concept-orientation＂ to ＂an operating system＂： from a single judgment criterion to multiple combined criteria;from focusing the concept of public interests to valuing its judgment subject;from focusing the judgment of public interests to valuing the development of representative and protective systems.