护士个性特征与工作倦怠的相关性

Correlative Study on Personality Traits and Job Burnout of Nurses

目的探讨临床护士个性特征与工作倦怠之间的关系。方法 2010年12月,采用艾森克人格问卷(Eysenck person-ality questionnaire,EPQ)和马氏工作倦怠量表(Maslach burnout inventory-general survey,MBI-GS)对上海市3所三级甲等医院的345名护士进行调查。结果护士性格的内外向与成就感低落呈正相关(P<0.01);神经质和精神质与情绪衰竭、玩世不恭呈正相关(P<0.01),与成就感低落呈负相关(P<0.01);掩饰因子与情绪衰竭、玩世不恭呈显著负相关(P<0.01),与成就感低落呈显著正相关(P<0.01)。结论护理教育者和医院管理者应认识到护士个性特征与工作倦怠的相关性,重视个性特征的差异性,根据护士不同的个性特征采取针对性的干预手段,积极协助护理人员避免或减少工作倦怠的产生。

Objective To investigate the correlation between personality traits and job burnout in nurses.Methods A total of 345 nurses from three Grade III（A-Level） hospitals in Shanghai were assessed by Eysenck personality questionnaire（EPQ） and Maslach burnout inventory-general survey（MBI-GS） in December 2010.Results Extrovision-introvision was positively correlated with reduced personal accomplishment（P〈0.01）.Neuroticism and psychoticism were positively correlated with emotional exhaustion and cynicism（P〈0.01）,and was negatively correlated with reduced personal accomplishment（P〈0.01）.Lie was negatively correlated with emotional exhaustion and cynicism（P〈0.01）,and was positively correlated with reduced personal accomplishment（P〈0.01）.Conclusion Nursing educators and hospital administrators should recognize the correlation between personality traits and job burnout of nurses,emphysize the differences in personality traits,and take specific interventions to actively assist nursing staff to avoid or reduce the generation of job burnout depending on the personality traits of nurses.