气溶胶对云宏微观特性和降水影响的研究进展

Progress in Impacts of Aerosol on Cloud Properties and Precipitation

气溶胶—云—降水相互作用是当今大气科学研究的热点和前沿问题。概述性地回顾了气溶胶对云宏微观特性和降水影响的研究进展,分别讨论了气溶胶对层状云、对流云等典型云系的动力和微物理过程的影响,总结了国内外研究关于气溶胶对云宏微观特性影响的可能的物理解释。回顾外场观测及数值研究表明,气溶胶对云液态水含量、地面降水及光学厚度的影响存在着许多不确定性。另外指出,在研究气溶胶对云宏观特性和降水影响时,应该加强气溶胶对云微物理特性影响的观测(卫星、雷达、飞机、地面观测等)和数值模拟的综合分析研究。

Aerosol-cloud-precipitation interaction is one of the most challenging problems in atmospheric research.A comprehensive review of aerosol impacts on sheet cloud and convective cloud are discussed.The proper explanations are given for the most recent findings in this field.Some results of observations and numerical simulations have shown the uncertainty of the impacts of aerosol on cloud liquid water content and surface precipitation,including optical thickness.It is emphasized that the comprehensive research both by observations（including satellite,radar,aircraft,and surface field measurements） and numerical simulations should be reinforced in the impacts of aerosol on microphysical property and structure of cloud,as well as the influence of aerosol on macro physical property of cloud and precipitation.