基肥中不同硝态氮比例对烤烟生长和产质量的影响

Effects of Nitrate Nitrogen Ratios in Base Fertilizer on Growth,Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

为确定烤烟专用基肥中合理经济的硝态氮比例,对烤烟基肥中不同硝态氮比例对烤烟生长、产质量的影响进行了研究.结果表明,在烤烟生长的前期,各农艺性状随着硝态氮比例的增加而升高;在现蕾期各农艺性状随着硝态氮比例的增加而也有升高的趋势,但当硝态氮比例达50%时各农艺性状又下降.各处理经济性状有相同的变化趋势,以硝态氮比例为45%的处理各项指标表现较好,当硝态氮比例增加到50%时,各指标又降低.随着硝态氮比例的提高有利于烤烟的正常落黄成熟,但当硝态氮含量过高时(超过45%)不利于烤烟分层落黄.各部位烟叶的总糖、还原糖和钾含量有随着硝态氮比例的增加而升高的趋势,但当硝态氮比例增加到45%时总糖和还原糖降低,各部位烟叶的总氮、烟碱和蛋白质的含量有随着硝态氮比例的增加而降低的趋势,硝态氮比例增加到45%时总氮、烟碱和蛋白质的含量又都升高,氯含量没有明显的变化规律.

The effect of different nitric nitrogen ratios in base fertilizer on the growth,yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco were experimented in pot in order to determine the rational and economical nitric nitrogen ratios in base fertilizer.The results showed that,speaking of agronomic characters and economical characters,nitric nitrogen ratio of 45% was the best;For intrinsic chemical quality,ratio about 35% was suitable;To output value,nitric nitrogen ratio about 45% was the highest.With the ratio of nitric nitrogen increasing,the cost increased,but the benefit of fertilizer was not improved.Considering the cost,the most suitable ratio of nitric nitrogen was 45%.Synthesized the results of the test and all the characters,suggestion that the nitric nitrogen in tobacco special-purpose duplicate should be between 35%—45% was given.