影响荔枝花芽分化与形成的叶温及其调节

Effect of Leaf Temperature on Differentiation and Formation of Litchi Floral Buds and Its Control

在冬春气温偏高的年份，妃子笑荔枝树冠不同方位叶温存在着显著差异，使各方位的花芽分化与形成受到直接影响，从而导致各方位结果母枝抽穗率和挂果量也存在着显著差异。从理论上对荔枝叶温调节研究的结果表明，叶温与光强里线性正相关关系。用７５％遮阳网遮荫树冠或对叶片喷洒２％－３％石灰水，均有极显著降低叶温的作用。在光强越高，叶温越高的情况下，其降温效果越好。

In warm winter and spring when litchi floral bud differentiation and formation occurred, the leaf temperature varied with the canopy orientations of litchi cv. Feizixiao, whichdirectly influenced its flower bud induction and formation. Litchi trees usually bear few inflorescences and fruits in the west and south palls of the be but more in the north andeast. A theoretical study was made to control the leaf temperature. Results showed that leaftemperature had a positive linear correlation to light intensity. The leaf temperature was re-duced significantly when the canopy was shaded by 75%,or the leaves were sprayed with2%-3% lime solution, especially under the condihon of high light intensity and high leaftemperature.