丛枝菌根观察与侵染率测定方法的比较

Methodological comparison of observation and colonization measurement of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

菌根生长状况观察与侵染率测定是菌根学研究中一项重要的基础性工作。综述了丛枝菌根(AM)染色观察与侵染率测定方法研究概况,并对其进行比较和评价。认为采用醋酸墨水染色观察AM生长状况与采用根段侵染率加权法和放大交叉法测定AM真菌侵染率是目前较为科学、准确、易行的方法。根据不同需要也可选择其他适宜的方法,如要了解丛枝发育状况,可采用放大交叉法;如要了解泡囊和侵入点数量,可采用直接计数法,从而使其研究结果具有可比性。有必要建立基于分子生物学技术和脂肪酸定量分析技术测定一种或数种AM真菌侵染状况,这将有力推动AM真菌生理、生态功能研究的发展。

Observation of arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） colonization status and measurement of colonization percentage is an important fundamental work in mycorrhizal research.Methods for root staining and quantifying AM colonization percentage is reviewed,compared and evaluated in this paper.Ink-vinegar staining method observing colonization status,root-segment colonization weighting method,and magnified intersections method measuring colonization percentage,are considered to be appropriate approaches in AM studies with greater scientific,accurate and feasible values when compared with other methods.Different observation methods can be used for different purposes.For example,magnified intersection method could be chosen to observe and measure the arbuscule development status of AM fungi,whilst direct counting method could be employed to count the numbers of vesicles and entry points per unit root length.Thus the research results obtained for specific purposes are comparable.It is necessary to establish molecular techniques and fatty acid quantitative method to measure colonization status of one or more species of AM fungi,which will promote studies in physiological and ecological function.