三种绒泡菌属原质团的培养和孢子果的诱导发生

Plasmodium cultivation and induced occurrence of fruiting bodies of three Physarum species

在黏菌个体发育研究的培养过程中,经常发生原质团不能转变为孢子果的情况,使个体发育停留在营养生长阶段,利用液体发酵和有饲培养相结合的方法获得的绒泡菌属黏菌原质团进行了孢子果的诱导。在饥饿条件下,通过对光照和温度的调节,获得了绒泡菌属黏菌在不同培养条件下形成孢子果和菌核的最佳条件。在固体培养基和液体培养基中获得全白绒泡菌孢子果的最佳培养条件分别为:24℃、6,000lx光照和20℃、6,000lx光照;获得扁绒泡菌孢子果的最佳培养条件分别为:26℃、6,000lx光照和20℃、6,000lx光照。淡黄绒泡菌Physarum melleum在固体培养基上既可以获得孢子果也可以获得菌核,最佳培养条件分别为:26℃、6,000lx光照和22℃、3,000lx光照;在液体培养基中只能形成菌核,条件为:22℃、6,000lx光照。

In the process of artificial cultivation of myxomycetes,plasmodia usually could not form sporophores that resulted in the ontogeny rest on vegetative stage.In this study,plasmodia of Physarum were obtained by using liquid culture in combination with oat-agar culture,and they were induced to form sporophores.Under the condition of hunger,the optimal culture conditions of sporophore and sclerotium formation of Physarum were obtained from different media by adjusting illumination （3,000,6,000,9,000 and 12,000lx） and temperature （20,22,24 and 26℃）.The optimal conditions for obtaining sporophores of P.globuliferum in oat-agar medium and liquid medium were under 24℃,6,000lx and 20℃,6,000lx,respectively.The optimal conditions for obtaining sporophores of P.compressum in oat-agar medium and liquid medium were under 26℃,6,000lx,and 20℃,6,000lx,respectively.Sporophores and sclerotia of P.melleum were all obtained in oat-agar medium,and the optimal conditions were 26℃,6,000lx and 22℃,3,000lx.In liquid medium,P.melleum only formed sclerotia,and the optimal conditions of were 22℃,6,000lx.