夏季南黄海跨锋断面的生态环境特征及锋区生态系的提出

Characteristics of the ecological environment in cross-frontal sections and a viewpoint of the frontal region ecosystem in the southern Huanghai Sea in summer

基于2006年夏季综合调查资料,分析和研究了南黄海陆架锋的分布以及跨锋断面的生态环境特征,并结合锋区的生物学和生态学现象,提出了锋区生态系的观点。结果表明:在南黄海西部冷水团边界附近海域存在因潮混合而形成的浅水陆架锋(潮汐锋),其中以长江口东北部至江苏北部外海、山东石岛外海和海州湾外侧的陆架锋最明显,而且与表层冷水区相对应;在跨锋断面上的陆架锋区,温度、DO、pH和营养盐等值线的抬升是下、底层冷水的涌升所致,锋区附近海域营养盐的积聚行为以及高营养盐水体的涌升对陆架锋附近海域出现的Chl a浓度高值现象起着重要的作用;各要素断面分布特征较好地佐证了黄海陆架锋与冷水团边界区域(锋区)所存在的锋面上升流现象;陆架锋区作为海洋生态系中的一个特殊的环境场,对锋区的生态行为具有重要的影响,与生物的密集分布也存在密切的联系;南黄海陆架锋区水文、化学和生物参数所具有的独特分布反映了锋区海域独特的生境,据此,提出了锋区生态系的观点。

Based on the comprehensive survey of the southern Huanghai Sea,the distribution of the continental shelf front and the ecological environment characteristics in cross-frontal sections were analyzed,besides,combined the biological and ecological phenomena in the frontal region,a viewpoint of the frontal region ecosystem was put forward.The results show that the continental shelf front（tidal front） induced by tidal mixing exists in the western boundary area of the southern Huanghai Sea Cold Water Mass,and the mostly notable fronts exist in the areas from the northeast sea of the Changjiang Estuary to the coastal sea,as well as Shidao coastal sea and the lateral area of the Haizhou Bay,which corresponds to the surface cold patch also;in the cross-frontal sections,the uplift of temperature,DO,pH and nutrient contours in the frontal region is the result of the upwelling of the bottom cold water,meanwhile,the accumulation of the nutrients and the upwelling of high concentration nutrients water in the frontal region paly an important role in the appearance of high concentration of Chl a;the distribution characteristics of the biochemical and hydrological elements also prove that the upwelling phenomenon indeed exists in the continental shelf frontal region and the boundary area of the southern Huanghai Sea Cold Water Mass;as a special environmental field in marine ecosystem,the continental shelf front has significant impacts on the ecological activities in the frontal region,and has close relationship with the intensive distribution of organisms;the unique distribution characteristic of the hydrological and biochemical in the frontal area of the southern Huanghai Sea reflects that a special living environment exists in the frontal area,therefore,a viewpoint of the frontal region ecosystem is put forward.