抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体和关节磁共振成像对早期类风湿关节炎的意义

Significance of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody and magnetic resonance imaging of metacarpophalangeal joints and wrist in early rheumatoid arthritis

目的 研究抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体（抗CCP）和核磁共振成像（MRI）对早期类风湿关节炎（RA）的诊断价值.方法 2007年1月至2009年6月上海光华医院对早期RA组 94例、不典型单关节炎组24例及对照组35例行掌指关节及腕关节MR扫描.同时搜集患者的临床资料及抗CCP抗体、类风湿因子（RF-IgM）等实验室指标.统计并分析MRI征象及OMERACT评分同临床检查之间的关系.结果 抗CCP抗体在早期RA中敏感性55.3%,特异性88.6%.根据MRI所示,滑膜增生对早期RA的敏感性和特异性分别为100%、71.4%;骨髓水肿为25.5%、94.3%;骨侵蚀为88.3%、65.7%.其中骨髓水肿的特异性最高,表现出骨髓水肿与抗CCP抗体阳性有一定关联.关节MRI对于早期RA有很高的诊断价值,对于骨破坏及滑膜炎的的敏感性远高于传统X线检查.与掌指关节相比,腕关节的MRI骨破坏更明显.结论 早期RA的腕骨骨髓水肿与抗CCP抗体阳性相关,抗CCP抗体和MRI对于早期RA的特异性均较高,分别优于RF与X线平片,有利于RA的早期诊断.二者联合检查能减少早期RA的漏诊率.

Objective To study the diagnostic value of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody （anti-CCP） and magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） of metacarpophalangeal joints（MCP）and wrist in early rheumatoid arthritis（RA）.Methods MRI of MCP and wrist joint, laboratory indices of anti-CCP and rheumatic factor （RF） were performed and recorded in the 94 early-stage RA patients, 24 non-typical monoarthritis and 35 other arthritis.The MRI findings and OMERACT （outcome measures in rheumatoid arthritis clinical trials） score were analyzed in comparison with their clinical and laboratory indices.Results The sensitivity of anti-CCP, synonitis, bone erosion and bone erosion was 55.3%, 100%, 25.5% and 88.3% respectively in early-stage RA patients.The specificity was 88.6%, 71.4%, 94.3% and 65.7% respectively.There was significant difference between early-stage RA group and other arthritis group （P〈0.05）. Bone erosion was found to be the most specific among MRI findings.And bone erosion of wrist joint had a positive correlation with anti-CCP.MRI was a more efficient supplemental modality in diagnosing early-stage RA as compared with conventional radiological films.Among 94 early-stage RA, their MRI findings and OMERACT scores of wrist joint appeared more obvious.Conclusion Anti-CCP has a better specificity for early-stage RA than RF. But MRI may visualize the disorder of RA earlier while it is often missed by radiological films.Both have prominent diagnostic values in early RA patients. Bone erosion of wrist joint has a positive correlation with anti-CCP.MRI may help to differentiate those RA patients with negative anti-CCP.