膝骨性关节炎患者与正常青年人步态的对照

Gait comparison between normal young people and knee osteoarthritis patients

背景：应用现代步态分析技术研究膝骨性关节炎患者足底压力分布的报道较少，尚未建立骨性关节炎患者特征性的足底压力数据库。目的：比较膝骨性关节炎患者与正常青年人步态特征的差异。方法：运用足底压力测试系统对40例年龄44-70岁膝骨性关节炎患者及10名正常青年人行走时的步态进行测试，观察受试者足底各区域受力时间、单足支撑期参数、步角、足底各分区压力峰值。结果与结论：膝骨性关节炎患者足底各区域受力时间百分比均高于正常青年组，两组足跟内外侧值差异尤为显著：膝骨性关节炎患者足跟触地阶段时问百分比、前足离地阶段时间百分比低于正常青年组，全足支撑阶段时间百分比高于正常青年组；膝骨性关节炎患者足跟侧部区域压力峰值均较正常青年组降低。说明膝骨性关节炎患者步态指标具有特征性，足跟部触地时间百分比、足跟触地阶段时间百分比、全足支撑阶段时间百分比及前足离地阶段时间百分比均与正常人有明显区别，膝骨性关节炎患者足跟部位外侧肌肉活动和平衡能力控制都较正常年轻人弱。

BACKGROUND： Gait analysis technology is not yet widely applied in analyzing sole pressure distribution for knee osteoarthritis （KOA） patients, and the foot pressure database of KOA patients＇ remains undeveloped. OBJECTIVE： To compare the different gait characteristics of patients with KOA and normal young people. METHODS： The footscan plate system was used to test the gait parameters of 40 patients with KOA and 10 normal people when walking. Gait phase, the contacting time between every plantar area and ground, foot axis angle and peak pressure were evaluated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： The contacting time between every plantar area and ground of KOA patients was higher than the normal young people, and the region of heel medial and heel lateral had significant differences; the time percentage of initial contact phase and forefoot push off phase of KOA were lower than normal group while foot fiat phase was higher than normal group; the peak pressure of heel medial and heel lateral were lower than normal young people. The gait indexes of patients with KOA had the distinctive quality. Patients with KOA and normal young people had obvious difference, including the heel contacting time, the time percentage of initial contact phase, foot fiat phase and forefoot push off phase. The heel lateral muscle＇s activity, balance and control ability are weaker in patients with KOA than those of normal young people.