眼科植入材料的临床应用及生物相容性

Clinical application and biocompatibility of ophthalmic implant materials

背景:目前眼科植入材料的研究已经取得了显著的成果,但仍存在一些问题。目的:总结眼科植入材料的生物学特点与临床应用的研究进展。方法:应用计算机检索PubMed数据库及CNKI数据库,在标题和摘要中以"人工晶体材料,人工巩膜,人工角膜,artificial crystal material,artificial sclera,artificial cornea"为检索词进行检索。选择文章内容与眼科材料特点及应用相关,同一领域文献则选择近期发表或发表在权威杂志文章,最终纳入符合标准的文献29篇进行综述。结果与结论:眼科植入材料的临床应用十分广泛,但是各种植入材料存在一定的相容性和并发症,如何提高人工材料的安全性和有效性,减少并发症,已成为倍受关注的问题。作为眼内的一种异物,机体对此产生反应是机体正常的防御现象,选择不同材质、不同特性和类型,在选择植入材料时,应充分考虑材料的相容性,保证植入后的疗效和减少并发症的发生,对患者植入后效果和生活质量有着十分重要的意义。

BACKGROUND：There are some achievements on ophthalmic implant materials,but several problems still exist.OBJECTIVE：To conclude the progress in biological characteristics and clinical application of ophthalmic implant materials.METHODS：PubMed and CNKI databases were searched by computer using the Key words of＂artificial crystal material,artificial sclera,artificial cornea＂in Chinese and English to retrieve articles related to ophthalmic materials.Articles published in recent years or in authorized journals were preferred.Totally 29 articles were included.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：Ophthalmic implant materials have been widely used in clinic.The focus is to increase the stability and effectiveness of artificial materials and reduce complication occurrence due to some certain biocompatibility of implant materials.It is the normal defense phenomenon of the body reacting to implant materials as intraocular foreign bodies.The material compatibility should be considered to ensure the implantation efficacy and reduce complications,which is of great significance for quality of life in patients after implantation.