细胞自噬研究技术进展及其应用

Progress and Application of Techniques for Investigating Cell Autophagy

在生理状态下,细胞通过自噬清除衰老细胞器和异常长寿蛋白质,维持自身结构和功能的衡定,参与胚胎发育、免疫调节和延长寿命。病理状态下细胞自噬水平显著升高,以耐受饥饿、缺血和凋亡。自噬功能障碍与某些慢性感染疾病、神经变性疾病、溶酶体贮积症和肿瘤等密切相关。掌握和合理应用自噬研究技术对于提高细胞自噬研究水平有着重要意义。该文对哺乳类细胞自噬研究技术进展及其应用作了概述。

In physiological state, cells remove senescent organelles and abnormal long-lived proteins via autophagy to maintain homeostasis of their structures and functions. Autophagy is involved in embryonic devel- opment, immunological regulation and longevity. Significant increase of autophagic level is beneficial for cells to tolerate starvation, ischemia and apoptosis under pathological conditions. Autophagic dysfunction is implicated in some chronic infectious diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, lysosomal storage diseases and tumors. It is impor- tant to understand and apply reasonably the techniques monitoring autophagy for promoting investigation of cell autophagy. This review focuses on the techniques monitoring autophagy and their application in investigating au- tophagy.