流沙湾海水中石油烃的时空分布特征研究

Temporal and spatial distribution of oil hydrocarbon in seawater in Liusha Bay

于2008年2月（冬季）、5月（春季）、8月（夏季）和11月（秋季）对流沙湾进行了4次采样考察,研究分析了流沙湾表层海水中石油烃质量浓度的平面分布和季节变化特征。结果表明,在2008年度,流沙湾表层海水石油烃的质量浓度为0~1.930 mg.L-1,平均值为0.080 mg.L-1,季节差异比较明显,呈春、冬、夏、秋季依次减小的变化趋势,冬、春季节海水呈现不同程度石油污染,夏、秋季节属Ⅰ、Ⅱ级水质,整个流沙湾海域表层海水石油烃的平面分布相对比较均匀。在内外湾分布上,冬、春、秋季节外湾大于内湾,而夏季节内湾大于外湾。流沙湾的水产养殖活动是其海水石油烃时空分布的主要影响因素。

The seawater samples of Liusha Bay were separately collected in February （winter）, May （spring）, August （summer） and December （autumn） during 2008. The characteristic of plane distribution and seasonal variation of oil hydrocarbon in surface seawater was analyzed. The result showed that the value of oil content in surface seawater of Liusha Bay was 0-1.930 mg·L^-1 during 2008, with the average of 0.080 mg·L^-1, and oil content changed with a trend of spring 〉 winter 〉 summer 〉 autumn. Seawater of Liusha Bay showed different degree oil pollution in winter and spring, and seawater quality belonged to I , iI level in summer and autumn. The plane distribution of oil was relatively even in one year in surface seawater. Oil content of outer bay was higher than inner bay in winter, spring and autumn, and contrary in summer. The aquaculture activity was the primary factor which influence temporal and spatial distribution of oil hydrocarbon in seawater of Liusha Bay.