全基因组选择育种策略及在水产动物育种中的应用前景

Strategy of whole genomic selection breeding and its application prospect in aquaculture

全基因组选择的概念自2001年由Meuwissen等提出后便引起了动物育种工作者的广泛关注。目前,澳大利亚、新西兰、荷兰、美国的研究小组已经应用该方法进行了优质种牛的选择育种,并取得了很好的效果。此外在鸡和猪的选择育种中也有该方法的应用,但在水产动物选育中尚未见该方法使用的报道。本文对"全基因组选择育种"的概念和提出背景进行了归纳,对全基因组选择育种的优势进行了阐述,并详细介绍了其具体的策略,总结了目前全基因组育种所广泛采用的方法以及取得的成果,旨在为该方法在水产动物育种方面的应用研究提供科学参考。

Whole genomic selection breeding was introduced firstly by Meuwissen in 2001.It has attracted a lot of attentions in animal breeding.The research groups in Austrilia,New Zealand,Netherland and United States successfully utilized this method in the selection of Holstein cattle.The utilization of this method in chicken and swine was also reported.However,in aquaculture animals,no related report was found.In this paper,conception of whole genomic selection breeding was introduced firstly,secondly the advantage of this method was clarified,and the strategy of this method was focused,the techniques applied in whole genomic selection breeding were also summarized.Finally,the application of whole genomic selection in aquaculture animal was discussed;suggestions were also given for the use of whole genomic selection breeding in aquaculture.