老年患者外周静脉状况及静脉输液通道使用情况调查分析

A survey and analysis on the status of peripheral veins and the use of venous channel in elderly inpatients

目的:了解老年患者外周静脉状况及静脉输液通道使用情况,为老年患者静脉输液的血管选择及保护提供依据。方法:研究者自行设计调查表,对222例老年患者进行调查,评估患者的外周静脉状况,了解患者静脉输液治疗的药物种类和静脉输液通道使用情况,对不同静脉输液通道进行比较分析。结果:老年患者随着年龄的增长,外周静脉充盈程度逐渐下降,尤其是手背静脉和前臂静脉的充盈程度下降明显。老年患者住院期间静脉输液治疗率高达94.59%,其中有64.89%的患者静脉输注过BCEG(即TPN、化疗药、脱水剂、血管活性药)中至少一类药物。老年患者静脉输液时,43.69%的患者使用静脉留置针,49.10%的患者使用头皮针,36.48%患者使用中心静脉输液途径。结论:老年患者外周静脉充盈程度低,应根据患者的血管情况和治疗方案,合理选择静脉输液途径,减少输液对血管造成的损害,减轻患者的痛苦,有效提高临床静脉输液护理质量。

Objective：To survey the peripheral vein status of elderly inpatients and the use of venous channel. Methods：Totally 222 elderly inpatients were evaluated for the situation of their peripheral veins, the intravenous infusion medication they received and the venous channel.Results：The visibility of peripheral vein of the elderly patients decreased as their age increased, especially the veins on the back of the hand and the forearms.94.59% inpatients received intravenous infusion,and 64.89% received at least one of BCEG medication （namely：TPN, chemical therapy,dehydrating agent and vasoactive drugs）.43.69% used the indwelling needle,49.1% used scalp needle, only 36.48% once used central venous infusion channel. Conclusion：The visibility of the peripheral vein of elderly patients is very low.Nurses should choose the venous channel properly according to elderly patients＇ vein situation and treatment program so as to reduce the damage to the vein, alleviate their pain,and improve nursing quality.