技术功能失常初探——丰田汽车召回事件引发的思考

Preliminary Studies on Technical Malfunction——A ponder over Toyota Automobile Recalling

技术功能失常是技术人工物功能和结构之间关系的一个普遍现象。技术功能失常在哲学理论上是指附着一定意向性的人工物的结构不能使意向性实现;在工程实践中是指人工物在声称能满足功能要求的时候(已经交付给客户使用的情况下)或被期待能满足功能要求的时候(例如在测试阶段),没有满足其已经列出的功能要求。工程实践中,技术功能失常的本质是一种社会建构,技术设计、判定是否存在技术功能失常、判定技术功能失常的原因都带有社会性、协商性和不确定性。

Technical malfunction is a common phenomenon in the relationship between function and structure of a technical artifact.In theory,technical malfunction means the structure of a technical artifact can＇t make the intentionality achieved.While in a engineering practice,a technical artifact malfunctions means it does not satisfy the functional requirements laid out as it claimed to（after delivery to the client） or as it is expected to（for instance in the testing phase）.Technical design,the determination of technical malfunction and the reasons for the malfunction are a social process with uncertainty and can be negotiated.