求同存异:杜威和凯洛夫教育思想的比较与启示

Comparison and Revelation on Educational Thoughts from Dewey and Kairov

由于受不同的哲学观和意识形态的影响，杜威与凯洛夫的教育思想分歧大于共通，学术界多注重对二人观点分歧的讨论，而对其共通之处的研究相对不足。杜威与凯洛夫在教育目的观、教学过程观、课程与教材观和教学方法等方面存在差异，但他们的教育思想都有深厚的理论基础，重视培养和发展学生个性、兴趣，不同程度地肯定了教师的重要地位和作用，认可尊重和爱是构建良好师生关系的基础。这些对于认识和构建新课程改革理论有多方面的启示。

Educational thoughts from Dewey and Kairov is the main genre which influence Chinese educational practice and development. Affected by different ideologies and political systems, divarications about their educational views is more obvious than commonness, scholars pay more attention to the differences and ignore homology, There are some differences between Dewey and Kairov on theviews of educational aim, teaching procedures, curriculum and teaching materials, idiographic teaching approach , but they both affirm that educational aim should be based on theories, that teachers and students play important part in teaching activity , and they both attach importance to the t raining and development of children＇ s personality and interest. They both believe that respect and love are the foundation of constructing a good relationship between teachers and students. All of these give us various revelations to understand and set up the theories of new curriculum reform.