青岛岩礁海藻附植动物的区系组成和季节动态

Phytal Fauna Composition and Seasonal Dynamics on Rocky Shore Seaweeds in Qingdao

于2007年11月～2008年10月对青岛太平角岩石潮间带鼠尾藻附植动物进行了连续12个月的逐月采样调查,并根据蜈蚣藻、角叉菜、扇形叉枝藻、海蒿子和叉节藻等海藻生长期的不同而在不同月份对其分别进行了采样,研究了附植动物的类群组成、丰度、生物量及其季节动态。所有海藻样品共鉴定出附植动物16个类群。鼠尾藻附植动物的年平均丰度为606ind/gdwtalgae,优势类群为线虫和桡足类,其次是腹足类和多毛类。鼠尾藻附植动物的平均丰度最高值出现在4月,最低值出现在7月。鼠尾藻附植动物的年平均生物量为282×103μg/g dwt algae,最高值出现在6月,最低值为2月。其他海藻附植动物的类群数、丰度、生物量均低于鼠尾藻。海藻附植动物的优势类群及其丰度和生物量在不同月份和不同海藻之间均显著不同。相对于海水理化因子季节变化的影响,不同海藻生长型形态的复杂性及同一种海藻随生长周期而发生的形态变化对附植动物的区系组成和季节动态的影响可能占居更主要地位。

The phytal fauna on the seaweed Sargassum thunbergii was surveyed monthly over an annual cycle from November 2007 to October 2008 at the rocky intertidal zone at Taipingjiao,Qingdao.The phytal fauna on the seaweeds of Grateloupia filicina,Chondrus ocellatus,Gymnogongrus flabelliformis,Sargassum palladium and Amphiroa zonata were also surveyed based on their growing periods.The seasonal dynamics of dominant group,abundance and biomass of phytal fauna were analyzed.Sixteen faunal groups were identified from the 6 seaweeds.The annual average abundance was 606 ind/g dwt algae on Sargassum thunbergii.Nematodes and copepods were the most dominant,followed by gastropods and polychaetes.The abundance was the highest in April and the lowest in July.The annual average biomass was 282×103 g/g dwt algae and the most dominant group was gastropods,followed by polychaetes and amphipods.The biomass was the highest in June and the lowest in February.Numbers of phytal fauna groups,abundance and biomass on Sargassum thunbergii were higher than on other seaweeds.The dominant groups and their abundance and biomass differed among months and seaweeds.Abundance and biomass of phytal fauna had no significant correlation with water temperature,salinity,DO and pH,but the complexity of algal growth form and the morphological change over an algal growing cycle were possibly the main determinants of phytal faunal composition and seasonal dynamics.