我国城乡间产业的迁移与分工协调发展

The move of industries between the urban and the rural areas and the labor division coordination development in China

城乡产业分工与协调发展是社会生产力发展到一定阶段的必然趋势,也是消除城乡差别、实现城乡一体化发展的有效途径。在我国进入"工业反哺农业、城市支持农村"的发展新阶段后,我国城乡产业需要重新进行发展定位,并在城乡间进行产业的迁移和布局调整,以突破"城市搞工业、农村搞农业"的旧格局,引导城市非农产业和资本进入农村地区,使农民和农村地区能够分享工业化和城市化的巨大收益。这种城乡产业的迁移与调整应顺应产业组织演进和产业分工的新趋势,进行产业链层面的分工与重新布局,在城乡之间建立起一体化的产业体系,并最终形成我国产业体系与产业组织体系、城镇等级体系三者协调发展的局面。为此,在宏观层面需要政府推进制度创新和技术创新,深化体制改革,加快农村地区的基础设施建设,构建起城乡间产业分工发展的制度基础和物质基础;在微观层面则需要企业加快组织转型与创新,形成城乡间新型的产业网络组织。

Industry labor division and the coordination development of urban - rural areas are the inevitable trends of social productivity development at certain stage. They are also effective way to remove urban- rural difference and realize urban- rural integration development. After China enters a new stage of ＂industry nurturing agricuhure and cities supporting rural areas＂, it is necessary to relocate the industries in the urban and rural areas and move the industries and adjust their layouts in order to break through the old pattern of ＂cities focusing on industry while the countryside specializing in agriculture＂; guide urban non - agri- culture industries and capital to the rural areas so as to enable peasants and the countryside to share the huge benefits from in- dustrialization and urbanization. Such move and adjustment should follow the new trend of the evolution of industrial organization and industrial labor division, perform labor division and redesign the layouts at the level of industry chains, set up integration industry system between the urban and rural areas, and finally form the coordination development among national industrial system, industrial organizational system and urban grade system. As a result, at the macro level, the government needs to promote insti- tution innovation and technological innovation, deepen institution reform, speed up the construction of infrastructures in the rural areas, and set up the institution base and material base of industry labor division in the urban and the rural areas. At the micro level, firms need to speed up organization transformation and innovation and form new industry network organization in the urban and the rural areas.