水平井开采含夹层底水油藏三维物理试验研究

3-D Physical Experiment on Horizontal Well Production in Bottom Water Reservoirs with Interbeds

采用先进的三维可视化物理模拟试验设备,全程跟踪水平井开采含有人造隔夹层的底水油藏底水脊进的过程,探讨均质油藏和含隔夹层油藏中水脊形成与发展机理。结果表明,隔夹层距离油水界面越远,占油藏的比例越大,对底水的抑制作用越明显,油藏的无水采油期越长,含水率上升越平缓,采出程度越高。在靠近油水界面的隔夹层上部易形成"屋顶油",靠近水平井、远离油水界面的隔夹层下部形成"屋檐油",为挖潜剩余油的方向提供了室内试验依据。含隔夹层的底水油藏中水平井的水淹模式,符合"均匀托进-底水绕流-边水横扫-底水脊进-油井见水-沿井扩展-全井水淹"的水淹规律。

The advanced 3-D visible physical model was used to observe the development of the water coning of bottom water reservoirs with barrier by using horizontal wells,and investigate its mechanism.The results indicate that the farther barriers are located away from oil-water interface,and the larger barriers are,it is more obvious for restraining the water coning,and the longer the oil production period of water free is,the slow the water cut increase is,the higher degree of recovery percent is.Above the barriers close to oil-water interface the 'roof oil' is easily formed,and under the barriers close to the horizontal well the 'eave oil' is easily formed.It provides the basis for laboratory experiments.The process of the water coning is summarized that the water-out patterns of horizontal wells in the reservoirs with bottom water are coincident with the rules of forward evenly,bypassing the flow of bottom water,lateral sweeping of edge water,coning of the bottom water,water producing in oil wells,expansion along the horizontal well and water-out carrying out in the whole well.