《暴风雨》:荒岛时空体的文化叙事功能

The Tempest:The Desert Island As Chronotope and Its Cultural Narrative Function

莎士比亚晚年创作的《暴风雨》,在英国旅行文学史上有着特别重要的意义。从空间诗学角度考察,剧作家将荒岛设置为一个介于虚构与现实、旧世界与新大陆之间的时空体,造成戏剧的"间离效果",拉开了艺术与现实的审美距离,从而能够收放自如地对当时国内面临的社会矛盾及其涉及的人性问题提出自己的看法。而荒岛时空体承担的建构新世界话语和建构主体-他者的双重文化叙事功能,则投射出17世纪欧洲人在与异文化交往时普遍的文化心理。

The Tempest as one of Shakespeare's later works has a special significance in the history of English travel literature.An examination from the perspective of space poetics reveals that the playwright sets the desert island as a chronotope between fiction and reality and between the old world and the new world.By so doing,he achieves a defamiliarizing effect and an aesthetic distance between art and reality,and hence a greater freedom to discuss real social conflicts and problems concerning human nature.Meanwhile,the desert island as a chronotope performs a double cultural narrative in constructing a New World discourse and a subject-other relationship,thus revealing the common European cultural psychology in the 17th century when encountering alien cultures.