《豳风·七月》结构与孔疏“衣食所分,男女正助”说

The Structure of Bin Feng-July and Kong Yingda's Research on It

关于《豳风·七月》一诗的结构,孔疏提出"衣食所分,男女正助"说。"衣食所分"存在问题,但大体符合文本实际。"男女正助"则是在郑笺基础上有意曲解、抽象而成,是突出理念轻视文本的产物。两者相合,意图构造一个早期农业社会的理想图景,系统阐发《诗序》"陈王业"说。要完善分析此诗结构,应该以"衣食所分"为基础,参以朱熹、姚际恒、崔述等各家说解,进行必要的折中综合。

It is the idea of Kong Yingda on the structure of Bin Feng-July that clothes and food are the main contents of the poem,and men＇s work and women＇s work appear alternately in the poem,which make the poem organized.The first idea of Kong Yingda about clothes and food is almost right,however,the second about social labor division is completely wrong.Kong Yingda said so to explain the traditional view about Bin Feng-July that the poem showed how Zhou King governed the country.If we have to analyze the structure of this poem,we should draw lessons from Zhu Xi＇s,Yao Jiheng＇s and Cui Shu＇s views,and make proper synthesis.