心肌梗塞与颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的关系

A Study on the Relationship Between Myocardial Infarction and Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque

目的：用彩色多普勒超声观察心肌梗塞患者颈动脉的结构变化，探讨颈动脉粥样硬化斑块与心肌梗塞的关系。方法：用彩色多普勒超声观察了５４ 例心肌梗塞患者双侧颈动脉斑块情况，测量斑块面积，并计算斑块积分和斑块指数，并与４５ 名健康对照组进行了比较。结果：①心肌梗塞患者颈动脉斑块检出例数为４６ 例，检出率为８５．２％ ，明显高于对照组（检出８ 例，检出率１７．７％ ，Ｐ＜ ０．０１）；心肌梗塞患者斑块面积明显大于对照组〔（１５．４３±１２．２６）ｍ ｍ ２ 和（８．８７±４．０１）ｍ ｍ ２，Ｐ＜ ０．０１〕；②心肌梗塞患者斑块指数为３．１１±１．９６，斑块总积分４．０３±２．９３，均明显大于对照组（０．３３±０．８０，０．６１±１．０２，Ｐ＜ ０．０１）。结论：心肌梗塞患者颈动脉粥样硬化程度明显加重，颈动脉粥样硬化程度可作为预测心血管病的参考指标。

Objective:To study the morphology and structure of carotid artery in patients with myocardial infarction with color Doppler ultrasound,and to investigate the relationship between carotid atherosclerotic plaque and myocardial infarction.Methods:Fifty four cases of patients with myocardial infarction and forty five healthy controls without cardiocerebrovascular diseases were examined with color Doppler ultrasound,including the measurement of plaque of both sides of CCA,BIF,ICA and ECA.Results:①46 patients with plaque in the carotid artery were found in the case group(85 2%),while only 8 subjects were found in the control group(17 7%),the difference was significant ( P <0 01).The plaque area in patients with myocardial infarction was (15 43±12 26)mm 2,which was significantly higher than that in healthy controls (8 87±4 01)mm 2( P <0 01);②The plaque index (3 11±1 96) and plaque score(4 03±2 93) in the case group were significantly higher than those(0 33±0 80 and 0 60±1 02) in the controls( P <0 01) Conclusions:Severe carotid atherosclerosis was found in the patients with myocardial infarction,the severity of carotid atherosclerosis may be used as a reference index for the prediction of cardiovascular diseases.