洛克财产权理论的内在逻辑

The Inherent Logic in the Locke's Theory of Property

财产权理论在洛克的政治哲学体系中占有十分重要的地位。洛克认为,在自然状态下,一切物品都为全人类共同所有,正是劳动的因素导致了财产由"公有"转化为"私有"。同时,基于其天赋权利的学说,洛克倡导一种权利本位,从而成为财产个人主义、所有权绝对思想的基石;其劳动价值学说更是为财产权找到了合法性基础。洛克的财产权劳动理论对后世在建构财产权理论基础、解释传统财产权的合理性方面依旧具有重大的价值。研究洛克的财产思想对理解其整个政治学说具有重要的现实意义。

According to Locker,all products belong to human race as a whole in a natural circumstance where man lives peacefully,freely and equally.It is the elementof labour thatmakes itpossible forproperty to be transfered from＂being public＂to＂becoming private＂.At the same time,based on his doctrince of innated rights,Locker regards an authority standard to be the foundation of property individualism and the thought on absolute right of property;what smore,Locker s doctrince of labour value offers a valid base for right to property.As regards to both the construction of theoretical base for right to property and the explanation of the rationality of the traditional right to property,Locker s theory on property and labour is still of greatvalue to the future studies on such aspects.To studyLocker s thoughton property is,theorefore,ofpractical significance for the comprehension ofhiswhole set of political theories.