家蝇种群动力学研究

Reproductive dynamics of experimental population of Musca domestica

为家蝇的防治和开发利用提供科学的理论依据。方法：在最适宜的综合实验条件下，采用数 学生态学定量研究的方法，对家蝇实验种群的繁衍动力学进行研究。结果：求出家蝇各生长阶段的发育历期：卵 为０．５±０．０８００ ｄ；幼虫为４．５±０．５０００ ｄ；蛹为 ５．５±０．５０００ ｄ；一世代为 １５．５±１．５５６６ ｄ。成活率：卵为９４．８２５１％； 幼虫为８９．３２３８％；蛹为９５．２３７７％；一世代为８１．０２８９％。生殖特性：最大产卵量为１８４个／次·雌；平均产卵次数为 ８±７．８３７７次；终生产卵数为６８７±４１６．５８５８个。存活特性：雌性最大寿命为７７ｄ；雄性最大寿命为６３ｄ；雌性平均 寿命为 ３７．４９６３ｄ；雄性平均寿命为２６．８３９８ｄ。各项动力学参数值：净增殖率Ｒ，为８０４．６４５０；平均世代周期长Ｔ为 ２８．７７３４ ｄ；无限增殖的增长能力、为０．２５２５；有限增长能力为１．２６１８；瞬时出生率ｂ为０．９５３４％；瞬时死亡率ｄ 为 ０．７２０９％；种群增加一倍所需时间ｔ为 ２．９８１１ ｄ；在种群的稳定年龄组配中，成蝇前期占９４．６２４０％；成蝇期占 ５．３７６０％。我们也求出了家蝇整个生命中各天的死亡数和产卵数，

Objective: The scientific basis for exploitation and elimination of Musca domestica. Methods: Under the most suitable comprehensive experimental conditions, we made the scientific research on the dynamics of the experimental population of Musca domestic by the method of quantitative study. Results: The results we had discovered were as follows: the growth periodtime of every stage: the egg stage was 0.5±0.0800 d; The instar larvae stage was 4.5±0.5000 d; The pupa stage was 5.5±0.5000 d and the generation period was 15.5±1.5566 d. The survival rates of every period: The egg period was 94.8251%; the instar larvae period was 89.7238%; the pupas period was 95.2377% and the generation period was 81. 0289%. The characteristics of oviposition: the maximum number of ovipeition was 184; the average s time of oviposition was 8± 7. 8377 time and the number of oviposition in one's life was 687±416. 5858. The characteristics of survival: The greatest life -span of female was 77 d, the male was 63 d; the average life-span of female was 37.4963 d,the male was 26.8398 d. The dynamics parameters: The net reproduction s rate(R)s was 804. 6450, the mean period of a generation (T) 28. 7734 d, the infinitesimal rate of increase(r) 0. 2325, the finite rate of increase 1. 2618, the instantaneous birthrate (b) 0.9534, the instantaneous death-rates (d) was 0.7209s and the necessary time of increasing one time (t) 2.98if d. Out of the stable age distribution, total imlnatme stages was M. 6240% and total adults 5. 3760%. The results Provided we also found the numbers of death and ovipositor in every day of one's life. Finally we made the life-table of experimental population Of Musca domestica.Conclusion:The results we have achieved provide scientific basis for exploitation and elimination of Musca domestica.