用枕不当与颈椎病发病相关性的动态平面有限元分析

The Study of the Relation between the Wrong Using of Pillow and the Cause of CervicalSpondylosis with the SpacialAnalyticalMethod of Finite Elem entin Dynam ic Models

目的：从应力与应变关系角度探讨不同的用枕高度动态变化对颈椎病发病的影响。方法：通过平面有限元计算方法，建立人体仰侧卧位８ 种不同枕高时颈段脊柱动态姿势的有限元模型，利用ＳＵＰＥＲ—ＳＡＰ软件中平面四边形四节点单元体计算程序，进行颈脊柱有关部位的应力与位移变化及其同颈椎病发病关系的研究。结果：颈脊柱在８ 种不同姿势下均存在Ｃ４－ ６ 段应力集中现象；颈椎间盘的应力与位移明显大于颈脊柱其它部位；越偏离正常用枕高度的枕垫对上位颈脊柱的影响越大。结论：按照生物力学应力、应变及位移的相互关系，结合以往我们的研究结果，进一步提示并证明：①颈椎间盘病变是颈椎病病理变化的先导；②Ｃ４－ ６ 段颈脊柱是颈椎病病理改变的中心部位；

abstract:To go a step further to study the influence ofdifferent w rong height ofpillow s on the causing ofspondylosis through analysing the relationship between the stress and the displacem ent.Methods:The spacialanalyticalm ethod offiniteelem entw as used. And the eightdifferentfinite elem entm odelsaccording to dif- ferentposturesofcervicalspine w hen lying on the sideand on the back under 8 differenthightofpillow s were set up.Through the spacial4 nodes quadrilateralfinite units calculationalprocedure ofthe Super- SAPsoftw are,w e study the change ofstresses and placem ents ofdifferentpartsofcervicalspine and the relation between w hich and the cause ofcervicalspondylosis.Results:Under eightpostures caused by the eight differenthight ofpillow s,the stresses ofdifferentparts ofcervicalspine are concentrated on C4- 6 section;The stresses and displacem ents ofin- tervetebraldiscs are higherthan thatofany otherparts ofcervicalspine;The higherorlowerthe pillow sare than the norm alpillow ,the m oreserious influencesare on theupper section ofcervicalspine.Conclusions:According to the relationship am ong stress、displacem entand strain,and consulting theresultsofourpreviousstudies,we can go a step furtherto draw orconfirm :①Thepathology changeofintervetebraldiscistheprecursorofpathology ofcer- vicalspondylosis.②the section ofC4- 6 isthecenterpartofthe pathology change ofcervicalspine.③Thew rong us- ing ofpillow s can initiate the occurence ofcervicalspondylosis or speed itdeterioration.