北京山区森林健康的多尺度评价

Multi-Scale Health Assessment of Forests in Mountainous Regions of Beijing

北京山区森林是北京市重要的绿色屏障,其健康状况事关首都生态安全等重大问题。基于森林资源二类调查数据和样地调查数据等,利用多层模糊综合评价法,从林分、景观和区域多尺度对北京山区森林健康状况进行耦合评价。结果表明:在区域尺度上,北京山区森林整体处于亚健康状态;在景观尺度上,18类森林景观要素类型中,健康的森林4类,亚健康的12类,不健康的2类;在林分尺度上,30164个森林经营小班中,亚健康的最多,数量为12226个,面积比例42.21%;不健康和疾病的数量为9534个,面积比例27.57%。因此,北京山区森林急需进行健康经营和管理以提高健康等级。

Forests in mountainous regions of Beijing serve as a green protection belt which ensures the ecological safety of the capital if it is in a healthy condition. Based on data of a forest resource inventory and plot investigation, the health status of forests in mountainous regions of Beijing was assessed with multi-scale including forest stands, landscape and regional scale. Multi-level fuzzy synthetic evaluation method was involved in the assessment. Results showed that, on the regional scale, the whole forests in mountainous regions of Beijing were basically sub-healthy. On the landscape scale, 4 kinds were robust, 12 kinds were sub-healthy and 2 kinds were unhealthy among the total 18 forest landscape element types. On the forest stand scale, among total 30 164 plots, 12 226 ones were sub-healthy and their area accounted for 42.21% of the total mountainous regions of Beijing. In addition, 9 534 plots were either unhealthy or in disease, and their area accounted for 27.57% of the total area. Therefore, above results suggest that it is urgent and necessary to carry on forest health management to improve forest health grade in mountainous regions of Beijing.