全国城乡学生体格发育动态变化特征

The Changing Characteristics of National Students' Physical Development Between City and Countryside

用身高、体重和胸围3项典型生长指标作为研究我国城乡学生体格发育的指标,借助1985年和2005年全国学生体质调研数据,动态分析20年间全国城乡学生体格发育变化的特点。研究结果显示:城市学生体格发育优于乡村学生;身高发育的城乡差距缩小;体重和胸围发育的城乡差距拉大。除了受地理因素和生物因素的影响较大之外,城乡经济、饮食结构、卫生保健以及文化教育等发展的不均衡,也是形成我国学生体格发育城乡差别的重要因素。

Using three typical growth parameters that are height,weight,and chest measurement to study the students＇ body development in our country＇s city and coutryside,and with the help of surveying data of our whole country＇s students＇ body development in 1985 and 2005,the author analysed the charateristics of the changes of the national students＇ physical development during recent 20 years.The research result shows： the students＇ physical development in city is better than students in coutryside.The gap of height between city and coutryside students is shrinking.The gap of weight and chest measurement between city and coutryside is widening.The reasons of the students＇ physical development differences between city and coutryside are various.Besides geographical and biological influence,there are other important factors,like the unbalanced development of economy between city and countryside,diet structure,health care,culture and education.