用于“治疗性克隆”人胚胎干细胞研究面临的问题与可能的解决办法

Possible Solutions to the Problems in Human Embryonic Stem Cell(hESC) Research for Therapeutic Cloning

利用培育的干细胞(SC)来实现组织再生和器官修复对于许多重大疾病如糖尿病、心脏疾病、老年性痴呆(AD)、帕金森病(PD)、神经损伤等的治疗具有重要意义,同时也是新药研发的重要工具.使用体细胞核转移技术(SCNT)克隆人类早期胚胎和提取干细胞,即所谓的"治疗性克隆"(Therapeutic cloning)技术,是目前进行干细胞个性化治疗的重要手段,具有广泛的临床应用前景.通过这种方法获得人胚胎干细胞的研究尚处于基础阶段,仍面临着许多有待解决的科学问题和技术挑战.在此主要就用于"治疗性克隆"人胚胎干细胞的研究进展做了简要综述,着重探讨了在该研究领域面临的主要困难,特别是在获得人成熟卵细胞方面,并提出了可能的解决办法.

To accomplish tissue regeneration and organ repair using cultivated stem cells plays an important role in the treatment of many major diseases,such as diabetes,heart diseases,Alzheimer＇s disease（AD）,Parkinson＇s disease（PD）,neural lesion and so on,which is also an important tool in the research and development for new drugs.Somatic cell nuclear transfer（SCNT） is commonly referred to as therapeutic cloning-the process of using SCNT to harvest embryonic stem cells from human early embryo,which has a broad prospect in clinical application as an important and promising method for the individualized treatment by stem cells.However,human embryonic stem cell（hESC） research is still at the primary stage and there are a number of scientific questions to be solved including technical challenges.In this paper we briefly review the recent research progress and discuss the problems in hESC research,especially for obtaining human mature oocytes,and also propose possible solutions.