分类与主题相结合的目录体系在类书编撰中的运用——以《艺文类聚》为例

Combination of Classification and Subject Catalogue System in the Compilation of Books:Taking Yi Wen Lei Ju for Example

《艺文类聚》提供了一个从分类途径检索有关资料的分类目录;这种分类,是以事物为中心建立类目体系,把各个知识门类有关一事物的条目集中在事物对象之下。同时,分属于727个子目下的材料,又是运用主题法摘录的。可见,《艺文类聚》的目录是分类法和主题法并用的。其目录体系共有四层,第一层、第二层、第四层为分类目录,第三层为主题目录。分类与主题相结合的目录体系,使其具备了一定的检索功能。从现存类书看,《艺文类聚》是最早运用分类与主题相结合的目录体系的。这种多功能的目录形式,是对古典目录学的杰出贡献。

Yi Wen Lei Ju provides a channel to retrieve information from the classification of categories, Which tries to focus on the purpose subject by gathering up various categories through subject category system. In the meanwhile, materials belonging to 79,7 sub-headings are excerpted by means of subject indexing method. Hence in gi Wen Lei Ju combination of classification and subject catalogue system is employed, within which there are four levels. Among them the first, the second and the fourth layers belong to category directory while the third one belongs to theme directory. Combination of the above two makes it possible to search. Compared with the existing classification of the compilation books, Yi Wen Lei Ju is the first who combines classification and subject. And its multi- function catalogue system turns out to be an outstanding contribution to classical bibliography.