内蒙古达赉湖地区蒙原羚昼间行为时间分配

Diurnal Activities and Time Budget of Procapra gutturosa around Dalai Lake in Inner Mongolia

2007年11月~2008年9月,在内蒙古达赉湖地区采用扫描取样法共对404只次蒙原羚Procapra gutturosa成年个体进行了19 385 min（323.1 h）的昼间行为时间分配观察,将蒙原羚的行为分为采食、站立、移动、卧息、繁殖和其他等6类。结果表明：蒙原羚晨昏各有一个采食高峰,在12∶00前后还会发生1~2次采食小高峰。卧息常发生在采食高峰后,在晨昏所占比例低。单因素方差分析显示蒙原羚春夏秋冬采食、站立、移动、卧息和其他行为的时间分配均存在显著差异,这表明蒙原羚的行为时间分配有较大弹性,从而适应变化的环境。

This paper presents the results on the time budgets of Mongolian gazelle（Procapra gutturosa）.From November 2007 to September 2008,we conducted the research on the time budget of the gazelle which totaled 80 individual-time with 4220 min in spring（the middle of May to the beginning of June）,65 individual-time with 2480 min in summer（the beginning of July to the beginning of August）,44 individual-time with 2270 min in autumn（September） and 215 individual-time with 10415 min in winter（November,December and the beginning of March to the end of April） using the scan sampling method around Dalai Lake area of Inner Mongolia.The results of analysis show that the activity of Mongolian gazelle varies among the different seasons.The activities of the Mongolian gazelle are divided into 6 categories in this study： feeding,standing,moving,lying,breeding and other activities.The time budget of feeding showed two peaks： at dawn and at dusk and one or two minor feeding peaks around noon.By analysis of variance（one-way ANOVA） on the time budgets at different seasons,we may take note of the following findings.The significant difference of the activity rhythm of Mongolian gazelle on feeding,standing,moving,lying,breeding and other behaviors has been found among the four seasons.From an analysis of the time budgets of behaviors,the activity pattern of the gazelle shows elasticity as well as great adaptability.