深圳海域细菌总数及可培养细菌总数的分布及其在环境评价中的应用研究

Occurrence of total and culturable bacteria in Shenzhen coastal waters and their application in the environment assessment

采用荧光显微镜直接计数法及2216E平板计数法对深圳海域水体细菌数量分布状况进行研究，结果发现细菌总数普遍高于可培养细菌总数1～2个数量级，可培养细菌所占的比例为0．13％-88．65％。清洁水域YMK001站位及污染严重的深圳湾GDN053站位始终是细菌总数的高值区。可培养细菌总数与细菌总数、CODMn及BOD5相关关系不显著，不能准确反应细菌总数的变化趋势及环境水体有机物的存在状态；而细菌总数与CODMn及BOD5相关关系显著且相对稳定，与环境水体有机物间呈现正相关关系。可见细菌总数相对于可培养细菌总数更适合于大范围海域的水质监测及不同海域的比较分析。

The occurrence of total and cuhurable bacteria in Shenzhen coastal waters was studied using fluorescence microscope and 2216E plates. Results showed that the abundance of total bacteria were general 1 - 2 order of magnitude higher than that of cuhurable bacteria which represented 0.13% - 88.65% of the total bacteria,with the hightest abundance at station YMK001 with healthy waters and station GDN053 with polluted waters. It seemed that the abundance of culturable bacteria was not significantly correlated with the total bacteria, CODMn and BOD5 ,indicating that the distribution of cuhurable bacteria was not in accord with that of total bacteria and can not reflect the organic concentration within the waters; Otherwise the abundance of total bacteria showed significantly positively correlated with CODMn and BODs. These results demonstrated that total bacteria was a more reliable and acceptable parameter for water quality monitoring than culturable bacteria.