同一产地黑木耳、白木耳元素组成的比较

Comparison of Elemental Composition Between Auricularia Auricular and Tremella Fuciformis Berk in the Same Habitat

收集了同一产地(贵州省贵阳市)的黑木耳、白木耳样品,采用X射线能谱仪(EDS)研究了样品的主要元素组成,采用红外光谱仪(IRS)分析了样品中存在的功能基团。经过微波消解或干灰化法处理后,采用电感耦合等离子体-发射光谱法(ICP-OES)、原子吸收光谱法(AAS)和原子荧光光谱法(AFS)测定样品中Al、As、B、Ba、Ca、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Fe、Hg、K、Mg、Mn、Mo、Na、Ni、P、Pb、Rb、S、Se、Sr和Zn共24种矿质元素的含量。研究结果表明,黑木耳、白木耳主要由非金属元素C、O(可能也包括H)组成,存在的功能基团有羟基、羰基和烷基等。黑木耳中人体必需宏量、微量元素含量较为丰富,并且种类齐全;除了K、Zn、P、S外,白木耳中人体必需的宏量、微量元素含量均低于黑木耳,并且种类较少;两种木耳中有害元素As、Hg、Pb含量均未超过国家限量标准,但白木耳中Cd含量较高,有可能对人体健康会产生不利影响。

Auricularia auricular and Tremella fuciformis berk samples in the same habitat（Guiyang of Guizhou province）were collected,the elemental compositions of which were investigated by X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy（EDX）,and functional groups present in the samples were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy（IRS）.The contents of 24 kinds of mineral elements,including Al,As,B,Ba,Ca,Cd,Co,Cr,Cu,Fe,Hg,K,Mg,Mn,Mo,Na,Ni,P,Pb,Rb,S,Se,Sr and Zn in the samples were determined by ICP-OES,AAS and AFS with microwave digestion and dry ashing method.Both Auricularia auricular and Tremella fuciformis berk were mainly composed of C,O and possibly including H,and the functional groups present in the samples were hydroxyl,carbonyl and alkyl.Many kinds of beneficial macro-elements and micro-elements are rich in Auricularia auricular,besides K,Zn,P and S,the content of each beneficial macro-elements and micro-elements is lower in Tremella fuciformis berk than in Auricularia auricular.The contents of harmful elements such as As,Pb,Hg in these two kinds of mushrooms were all below the allowable limits set by the national standards,but the content of Cd in Tremella fuciformis berk was a little high,which may be harmful to human health.