小麦新品种三峡麦8号优化栽培措施研究及模型建立

Study on the Optimized Cultivation Measwres of New Wheat Sanxiamai 8 and Construction of the Model

[目的]为制定三峡麦8号高产栽培技术规程提供科学依据。[方法]以小麦新品种三峡麦8号为试材,采用5因素2次回归正交旋转组合设计,研究播期、施氮量、施磷量、施钾量和基本苗数5项栽培措施与产量的关系,通过模拟寻优找出综合栽培措施决策方案。[结果]建立了重庆市万州区三峡麦8号综合栽培措施的产量数学模型,复相关系数为0.9258,达极显著水平;5项栽培措施中播期和施氮量对小麦产量影响显著,施磷量、施钾量和基本苗对小麦产量影响不显著。[结论]三峡麦8号产量在4282.05kg/hm2以上的优化栽培措施为:11月3～6日播种,基本苗207.36万～212.64万株/hm2,施纯氮量55.38～190.38kg/hm2,施磷量71.70～78.30kg/hm2,施钾量57.36～62.64kg/hm2。

[Objective]To provide scientific reference for working out high-yield cultivation regulations of Sanxiamai 8.[Method] Take Sanxiamai 8 as a testing material,the quadratic orthogonal regressive rotation combination design with five factors was adopted to research relations between five cultivation measures（sowing date,nitrogen use,phosphorus use,potash use and basic seedling number） and the yield in order to find the best solution by means of modeling.[Result]The mathematic yield model of Sanxiamai 8,involving comprehensive cultivation measures,was established with the multiple correlation coefficient of 0.925 8 which reached significant level;among five cultivation measures,sowing date and nitrogen use had significant effect on wheat yield while the other three factors had insignificant effect on wheat yield.[Conclusion]For those Sanxiamai 8 whose yield exceeded 4 282.05 kg/hm2,the optimal cultivation measures are：sowing during November 3 to November 6,basic seedling number of 207.36 × 104-212.64 × 104 plants/hm2,nitrogen use of 55.38-190.38 kg/hm2,phosphorus use of 71.70-78.30 kg/hm2,potash use of 57.36-62.64 kg/hm2.