西安市黑河地表水源地水环境质量评价及可持续利用对策

Quality Assessment and Sustainable Utilization of the Water in Surface Water Source Field of Heihe River in Xi'an City

通过对西安市黑河地表水源地考察与采样,选取pH、总磷(TP)、化学需氧量(COD)、氨氮(NH3-N)与重金属元素砷(As)、镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)、六价铬(Cr6+)、氰化物(CN-)等9个项目作为黑河地表水源地水环境质量评价因子,依据国家《地表水环境质量标准》(GB3838-2002)Ⅰ类水质标准进行监测分析。评价结果表明:黑河地表水源地水样主要监测项目污染指数Pi值均小于或等于1,综合污染指数P值为0.72,水环境质量总体上达到国家Ⅰ类水质标准,符合西安市集中式生活供水源地及国家自然保护区建设的要求。针对黑河地表水源地水环境质量保护中存在的问题,提出了黑河地表水源地可持续利用的对策。

Through investigating and sampling in the surface water surface field of Heihe river of Xi’an city,the pH,TP,COD,NH3-N,As,Cd,Pb,Cr6 ＋ and CN were chosen and analyzed as the appraisal factors of the environmental quality of surface water surface field of Heihe river according to the Environmental Water Quality Standard of Surface Water（GB3838-2002）.The results indicated that all pollution indexes of main monitoring items were less than or equal to 1,the value of the composite pollution index P was 0.72,the environmental quality of surface water source field of Heihe River reached the Standard of GB3838-2002Ⅰon the whole,which met the demands of centralized living water supply source for Xi’an and the construction of national reserve.According to the problems in protecting the environment of surface water source field of Heihe River,some measures were proposed for the sustainable utilization of Heihe surface water source field.