近50年塔城盆地日照时数变化特征分析

Study on the Characteristics of Sunshine Hours Changes in Tacheng Basin in Recent 50 Years

[目的]研究近50年塔城盆地日照时数变化特征。[方法]利用塔城盆地4个气象观测站1960～2009年实测年、季、月日照时数资料,采用一元线性回归分析方法,研究了近50年塔城盆地日照时数年、季、月变化的基本特征。[结果]近50年塔城盆地年均日照时数均在2800.0h以上,其中塔城、裕民最多,分别为2936.1、2921.3h,额敏最少,为2814.2h。各站7、8月日照时数最多,6、5月次之,9、4月居第3,12月为全年最少。四季中以秋季、夏季日照时数最多,其次为冬季,春季最少;生长季日照时数以塔城、裕民最多,额敏次之,托里最少。2月4站日照时数线性倾向率均为负值,但仅塔城、额敏以-4.7、-6.0h/10a的速率显著减少;5、6、10月4站日照时数线性倾向率均为正值,但仅裕民站以14.5、12.6、11.2h/10a的速率显著增多。年、生长季日照时数线性倾向率仅裕民以74.9、60.5h/10a的速率显著增多。四季中仅冬季4站日照时数线性倾向率均为负值,其中塔城、额敏、托里以-5.5、-6.7、-4.9h/10a的速率显著减少;其他三季仅裕民以9.7、7.7、7.0h/10a的速率显著增多。[结论]该研究为农牧业产业结构的调整与优化、太阳能资源的合理开发与利用提供科学依据。

[Objective]The aim was to study the characteristics of sunshine hour changes in Tacheng in recent 50 years.[Method]By dint of the measured data of annual,seasonal and monthly sunshine hour’s changes in four meteorological observatories from 1960 to 2009,using linear regression analysis method,the characteristics of sunshine hour changes in Tacheng in recent 50 years were studied.[Result]Results showed that the annual average sunshine hours in Tacheng Basin in recent 50 years were above 2 800.0 h,among which Tacheng,Yumin had the most,2 936.1,2 921.3 h respectively and Emin the least,2 814.2 h.The sunshine hours were the most in autumn and summer,followed by winter,and were least in spring;sunshine hours during growth season in Tacheng and Yumin were the most,followed by Emin and then Tuoli.The linear tendency rate of sunshine hours in four stations in February was negative.But only the value in Tacheng,Emin decreased at a rate of-4.7 and-6.0 respectively;the linear tendency rate of sunshine hours in four stations in May,June and October were positive,but only Yumin station mounted at a rate of 14.5,12.6,11.2/10 a.The linear tendency of seasonal sunshine hours during the year and the growth season increased in Yumin at a rate of 74.9 and 60.5 h/10a.The linear tendency rate of sunshine hours in four stations in winter was negative,among which the rate of Tacheng,Emin and Tuoli decreased at a rate of-5.5,-6.7,-4.9 h/10a;that in other three seasons,only in Yumin,it increased most rapidly at a rate of 9.7,7.7 and 7.0 h/10a.[Conclusion]The study provides theoretical reference for the adjustment and perfection of husbandry industry structure and optimization,reasonable development and utilization of solar energy resources.