快速城市化地区的土地利用与景观格局演变特征分析——以杭州市区为例

Analysis on the Changes of Land Use and Landscape Pattern in Rapid Urbanization Region

以快速城市化地区杭州市区为例,基于Erdas8.7、Arcgis9.0及Fragstats3.3等软件平台,对1991、1996、2002、2005年遥感影像进行解译,应用景观生态学及其他定量分析方法,探讨了近15年来研究区的土地利用和景观格局变化特征,结果表明:①土地利用结构发生了显著变化,耕地面积明显下降,建设用地显著上升,由1991年的5.83%上升至2005年21.81%;②土地利用信息熵呈上升趋势,与城市化率呈显著的相关关系,决定系数达0.9,反映了在快速城市化过程中土地利用向熵增加的无序度变化发展;③景观格局特征变化显著,整体上景观斑块数量、多样性及景观破碎度呈上升变化趋势,优势度呈下降趋势,分维数分析表明,农业景观、林地景观和水体景观呈上升趋势,说明该类景观的斑块形状由简单变得趋于复杂,而建设景观分维数呈先上升后下降趋势。

Take the rapid urbanization region Hangzhou City as an example,and based on the platform of Erdas 8.7,Arcgis 9.0 and Fragstats3.3 software,TM imageries in 1991,1996,2002 and 2005 had been interpreted.The characteristics and changes of land use and landscape pattern were explored during the past 15 years,by means of theory of landscape-ecology and the method of quantitative analysis.The results showed：first,land use structure changed greatly,the farmland decreased,while the built-up areas increased significantly from 5.83% in 1991 to 21.81% in 2005;second,land information entropy increased considerably and had significant correlation with urbanization rate,the coefficient of determination reached 0.9,which indicated that land use developed disorderly under the disturbance of human activities;third,the landscape structure and landscape heterogeneity in Hangzhou city changed greatly.The numbers of patches and diversity index and fragmentation index increased,while the dominance index decreased obviously.Dimension data analysis suggested that the agricultural landscape,forestry landscape and waters landscape tended to increase,which indicated that the shape of these landscape patches became complicated.Construction landscape first increased and then decreased.