鼻唇沟的解剖学研究

Anatomical features of nasolabial fold

目的 从解剖学角度对鼻唇沟做出准确描述和定义,为解剖学和整形外科学、美容外科学、颌面外科学提供理论基础.方法 对10具（20侧）成人新鲜尸头行福尔马林血管灌注固定后,在10倍手术放大镜下进行形态学观测.结果 （1）鼻唇沟是面中部多脂肪区与无脂肪区的分界.（2）鼻唇沟起于鼻肌横部在鼻翼上缘皮肤的止点,终止于口角降肌在口角外下方皮肤的止点.（3）从解剖学角度可将鼻唇沟分为上、中、下3段,上段（Ⅰ）：为鼻肌横部区,长（20.38±0.74）mm;中段（Ⅱ）：为上唇提肌区,长（17.13±0.57）mm;下段（Ⅲ）：为蜗轴区,长（20.81±0.70）mm.（4）鼻唇沟是7种表情肌在皮肤上止点形成的连线区域,表层肌腱膜系统（SMAS）与组成鼻唇沟的7块表情肌同属同一层次.结论 鼻唇沟是7种表情肌在皮肤上止点形成的连线区域,不分年龄.永恒存在.不同于面部老化形成的鼻唇沟皱褶和面部老化或表情变化形成的鼻唇沟脊.

Objective To investigate the anatomic characteristics of the nasolabial fold and to give an accurate description and definition of it in order to to provide theoretical basis for plastic, cosmetic and maxillofacial surgery. Methods Ten （20 sides） adult fresh bodies with vascular perfusion of formalin fixed after morphological observation under a 10 × magnifying len. Results Nasolabial fold was a border between fat-rich zone and non-fat zone in the midfacial region. The nasolabial fold derived from nasal alar skin point in the transverse portion of nasalis, and ended at the outer skin point of zygomaticus major muscle in the mouth. From the anatomy point of view, the nasolabial fold was divided into three segments： the upper, the middle and the under. The upper segment （ Ⅰ ） was the transverse portion of nasalis, （20. 38± 0. 74） mm in length; the middle section （ Ⅱ ）： levator labii superioris,（17.13 ± 0.57） mm in length; the under segment （Ⅲ ）： modiolus, （20. 81 ±0. 70） mm in length. The nasolabial fold was a connecting region where seven mimetic muscles inserted into the skin point. Superficial musculoapneurotic system （SMAS） and the nasolabial fold were composed of seven mimetic muscles belonging to the same layer. Conclusions The nasolabial fold is a region where the seven mimetic muscles insert into the skin point for connection, and regardless of age, it is an eternal existence. The nasolabial fold is different from the nasolabial wrinkle formed with facial aging and the nasolabial ridges formed by facial mimetic muscles changes.