正常成人面部表情情绪识别的脑功能磁共振初步研究

The Preliminary Study of Facial Expression Recognition in Normal Adults by fMRI

目的初步探讨正常成人面部表情识别的神经基础,为神经心理学研究提供实验依据。资料与方法利用1.5 TGE Signa HD磁共振成像系统检测24名(男、女各12名)健康自愿者识别喜悦、愤怒及悲伤三种表情所产生的脑血液动力学响应,采用SPM2软件对原始数据进行预处理及统计分析,获得脑功能区激活图。统计分析采用SPM2基本模型中的单样本t检验进行组分析。结果在最终纳入的22名被试者中,前额叶及边缘系统在不同表情加工整合过程中均有激活,而在不同的面部表情加工中又存在不同通路。识别喜悦表情时,主要通路为"额叶-左侧杏仁核-左侧扣带回";识别愤怒表情时,主要通路为"额叶-双侧杏仁核-双侧扣带回";识别悲伤表情时,主要通路为"额叶-右侧杏仁核-双侧扣带回"。表情识别神经基础的性别差异并不明显,只有在识别喜悦及悲伤两种表情时,女性的杏仁核激活强度及范围较男性大,另外,当男性识别喜悦及悲伤表情时,海马及海马旁回才明显激活。结论在正常人不同效价表情的识别加工过程中,各脑区功能上并不是相互独立的,而是由多个区域协同完成。其中前额叶、杏仁核、扣带回及基底节等是其加工中的重要结构。不同表情情绪的加工整合过程既有共同的神经基础,又有其独特的整合特点。

Objective To explore the neural basis of the facial expression recognition in order to provide the reference basis for the neuropsychology research.Materials and Methods The blood oxygen level dependent（BOLD） fMRI was performed on 24 right-handed healthy volunteers（12 male,12 female） under recognizing happy,anger,sad neutral emotional expression.fMRI data were analyzed by using statistical parametric mapping（SPM2） software to generate the activation map.One-sample t-test were used to perform group analysis.Results 22 subjects out of 24 volunteers were successfully studied in this research.The prefrontal lobe and limbic system were activated under the integration of different facial expression in all 22 subjects,but they had different path in the elaboration of different facial expression,and the most important thoroughfare was ＂prefrontal lobe-the left amygdala-the left cingulate gyrus＂ in happy recognizing processing,＂prefrontal lobe-the bilateral amygdala-the bilateral cingulate gyrus＂ in anger recognizing processing,＂prefrontal lobe-the right amygdala-the bilateral cingulate gyrus＂ in sad recognizing processing.The gender difference was not obvious of nervous basis in the facial expression recognization,but the strength and scope of transactivation domain of the amygdala in the female was greater than male in the happy and sad expression processing,hippocampus was activated obviously in male happy and sad expression processing.Conclusion The function of each brain area is rather a cooperation with mutiple brain area than independence in the processing of identifying different valence facial expression in health adult,especially the prefrontal lobe,amygdala,cingulate gyrus and basal ganglia are the important structures.The processing of different facial expression have common nervous basis and unique integration characteristics.