高原脑水肿的CT表现及其病理基础的实验研究

BRIAN CT AND PATHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS IN CATS AT SIMULATED 7 000M HIGH ALTITUDE

目的：研究高原脑水肿的颅脑ＣＴ表现及其病理学基础。方法：采用低压缺氧模型在模拟７ ０００ｍ 海拔高度条件下观察家猫缺氧２４ 小时、４８小时和７２ 小时的颅脑ＣＴ表现和病理变化。结果：缺氧２４ 小时～７２小时内ＣＴ表现和病理变化与缺氧持续时间无明显关系。３０ 只动物中２２ 只ＣＴ表现为脑室脑池变小或消失，脑沟变窄，大脑、基底节、脑干和小脑的密度不同程度地普遍增高；病理变化主要微血管扩张、大脑皮层神经细胞肿胀变性、细胞和血管周围间隙增宽、脑实质内散在点状出血。５ 只动物ＣＴ表现为大脑半球弥漫性低密度区，基底节、脑干和小脑相对地密度增高；低密度区的病理学上见大脑皮层神经细胞坏死或消失、基质明显水肿，相对高密度区见微血管扩张和散在点状出血。３只动物的ＣＴ未见明显异常。结合病理变化把ＣＴ表现分为两型：脑肿胀型和脑水肿型。结论：在高原环境下不但要注意脑水肿的诊断治疗，更要重视脑肿胀的识别与处理。

To investigate the relationship between finding of brain CT and pathological changes of cerebral edema in hypobaric chamber (simulated 7 000m high altitude) in cats.Methods:All 40 animals were randomly divided into four groups,including 24,48 and 72 hr hypoxic exposure group and control group.Brain CT and pathological examination were performed using GE Systee 3000 CT set and microscopy.Results:No noticable difference was associated with hypoxic exposed duration on CT and in pathological feature in four group.22 cats of the studied group (30 cases )were found to show small or/and absence of ventricles and cisterns,and the brain’s density increased diffuselly.Pathological changes of brain tissue was as follows:congested microvascls,degenerated or swelled neuron,enlarged extracellular apace etc.In 22 cats of the test groups compared with control.Brain CT in 5 of 22 test cats showed diffuse decreased density of cerebral hemisphere,necrosed or disappeared brain neuron as well accumulated extracellular fruid of cerebral cortex;and the density increased in basal ganglia,brain stem and cerebellu;the microvascle congested and spot hemarrhage.Conclusions:The pathological changes of brain under simulated hypoxic condition could be divided into two type:cerebral swelling and edema types on CT examination for diagnosis and treatment in clinic.$$$$