9mm警用转轮手枪橡胶弹射入口的形态特征

An experimental study on morphology of entrance wound caused by rubber bullet fired from police-equipped 9mm calibre revolver

目的观察橡胶弹射入口的形态特征,并探讨其法医学意义。方法使用9mm警用转轮手枪发射橡胶弹,在实验动物胸腹部侧面垂直射击,射击距离分别为紧密接触射击(0cm),相对接触射击(1～6cm),近距离射击(6～60 cm)和远距离射击(60 cm～有效射程25m)。92式手枪采取相同方式射击实验动物作为对照。观察射入口的形态特征,制作组织病理学切片,HE染色显微镜下观察。结果橡胶弹接触射击和近距离射击,射入口边缘整齐,有明显的擦拭轮、挫伤轮和火药斑纹;远距离射击,可见射入口边缘撕裂,挫伤轮明显增宽,皮下出血显著;与手枪弹射入口形态特征明显不同。结论 9mm警用转轮手枪橡胶弹射入口典型的形态特征,可作为此类损伤的诊断指标。

Objective To study the morphological features of entrance wound produced by rubber bullet fired from police-equipped 9mm calibre revolver with respect to medicolegal interests. Methods Five Yorkshire pigs were used in the experiment. After anesthetization, the animals were fixed with one side of the trunk exposed to fire range,which was shot with rubber bullet from 9mm calibre revolver at different distances： hard contact fire （0ram）, near-contact fire （1-6cm）, close-range fire （6-60cm） and long distance fire （60cm-25m）. Wounds created by 9ram metal bullets fired from 92-type gun were used as control. The entrance wounds were evaluated and sampled for microscopic examination with HE staining. Results The edge of entrance wound was smooth with prominent contusion collar, grease ring and tattooing mark in contact and close range fire. Typical tear-shaped wound was produced with wide contusion collar and evident subcutaneous hemrrhage when the ruber bullet was fired at long-range distance, which was significantly different from the wound produced by metal bullet. Conclusion Characteristic entrance wound may created by rubber bullet fired from 9mm calibre revolver, which may be helpful for estimation of wound type in medico-legal practice.