治愈后弱视患者视力回退因素的临床分析

Influencing factors of visual deterioration for cured amblyopia

目的从临床角度分析弱视治疗后影响视力回退的因素。方法确诊为弱视的儿童77例(148眼),治愈后观察2年,根据弱视类型、程度及巩固治疗进行视力回退分析。结果 77例(148眼)患者中有25例(46眼)视力回退,回退率31.08%,其中斜视型61.36%、屈光参差型31.82%、屈光不正型14.63%发生视力回退,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。重、中、轻度弱视视力回退率依次为57.14%、34.15%、13.33%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。巩固治疗时间≥6个月、≥12个月、24个月发生视力回退率依次为32.47%、30.00%、28.57%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论弱视治愈后视力发生回退与其类型、程度关系密切,与巩固治疗无明显关联。

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of visual deterioration for cured amblyopia. Methods The visual acuity of 77 patients（ 148 eyes）, who had been successfully treated for amblyopia,was observed for 2 years. Patients were divided into three groups according to the type of amblyopia, the initial severity of amblyopia and the length of consolidation treatment time respectively. Results The total rate of visual deterioration was 31.08% （46/148）. Deterioration of visual acuity was observed in 61.36% ,31.82% and 14.63% of patients in strabismic, anisometropic and ametropia group respectively, with significant difference（P 〈 0.01 ）. Deterioration of visual acuity was observed in 57.14%, 34.15% and 13.33% of patients in heavy, medium and mild amblyopia group respectively,with significant difference（P 〈 0.01 ）. Deterioration of visual acuity was observed in 32.47% ,30.00% and 28.57% of patients in consolidation treatment time of ≥ 6 months, ≥ 12 months and 24 months, respectively. Conclusions The type of amblyopia and initial severity of amblyopia might be the influencing factors for deterioration of visual acuity in cured amblyopia, while the length of consolidation treatment time might not be the significant influencing factor.